Gypsum decor and stucco in the interior

In a well-designed interior, every detail matters. A harmonious appearance is created using a variety of different elements, including plaster decoration. Baseboards for ceilings, sockets, mirror frames, portals of fireplaces, moldings, pediments, pilasters, consoles, fountains, and attic are made of plaster or its imitation. This design is suitable for decoration of many luxurious, stylish, expensive interiors of apartments, private houses, concert halls, office buildings.

About gypsum: advantages, disadvantages

Gypsum - refers to the sedimentary minerals that are distributed almost everywhere. This is one of the oldest, most popular building materials. It is a powdery grayish-white composition obtained by burning natural gypsum stone. A few centuries ago, they were decorated only with palaces, the homes of wealthy citizens, but today this material is available to everyone. It has its pros and cons.

Benefits:

  • fast curing ability;
  • low production costs;
  • the finished material is easily cut;
  • environmental friendliness;
  • maintainability of the decor;
  • high sound insulation properties;
  • resistance to burning;
  • it is a breathable, vapor-gas-permeable coating;
  • warm to the touch;
  • the ability to manufacture products of almost any configuration;
  • easy to paint.

     

Disadvantages:

  • insufficient strength, brittleness of finished structures;
  • poor frost resistance;
  • low water resistance - it is allowed to store dry mix and use gypsum stucco only in dry rooms.

Gypsum decoration masks the defects of ceilings, walls, hides some irregularities of window slopes, adorns the facade - a business card of any house.

So that the material absorbs less water, water-repellent, plasticizing agents are added to it, and to increase strength, thermal conductivity, and decrease porosity, it is rammed.

Plaster decoration in different styles

Plaster decor is used in many interior styles:

  • classical;
  • antique;
  • Art Deco;
  • Art Nouveau;
  • loft;
  • industrial;
  • art believe;
  • baroque;
  • rococo;
  • Gothic;
  • modern;
  • Empire;
  • Oriental;
  • Italian;
  • Greek;
  • Renaissance;
  • modern;
  • French;
  • English.

     

The stucco elements are used in different ways: the original panel in the Art Nouveau style will decorate the space of the living room, bedroom, classicism - arches, portals, wide cornices. 3D panels are suitable for the modern style, heavy gilded cornices, columns will be the decoration for the Baroque, Empire style, mythological scenes will be part of the rococo decor. Strict details in the form of tiles, bricks, simple geometric shapes will complement the interiors of a loft, high-tech.

In an ordinary, small apartment, it is not recommended to use an excessive amount of bulky stucco - it will further narrow the tight space.

Ways to use plaster decoration

Gypsum is well compatible with the vast majority of building, finishing materials. Original products from it will perfectly decorate any space. It is important not to overload the interior - openwork stucco, which has many elements, is combined with plain wallpaper, decorative plaster, simple geometric shapes - with more intricate patterns. With this design it is easy to hide minor imperfections of the walls and ceilings, emphasize merit, adjust the shape of the room, produce zoning. Molded details are painted in various colors, hand-decorated with artistic painting, decorated "under the tree", "under gold", "under bronze", "under the stone" and other expensive materials.

Are made of plaster:

  • ceiling decor - sockets, corner details, cornices;
  • wall decoration - brackets, baseboards, bas-reliefs, cartouches, panels;
  • facades of buildings (gypsum is used with special additives or coatings);
  • furniture decor - individual overhead items;
  • decoration of lamps, mirrors, paintings;
  • sculptures, columns, pedestals in the middle of rooms, halls;
  • figured balusters of balconies fences;
  • niches, arches, sculptures;
  • grilles or meshes for air vents;
  • bricks, ceiling tiles, etc.

     

It is undesirable to use all types of decorative stucco molding at the same time, even in chic, expensive interiors of rococo or Empire. Two or three details are enough - a textured panel and huge cornices in combination with a ceiling rosette, several semi-columns with a plaster frame of mirrors, a luxurious stucco fireplace opposite the same arch, separate elements in the corners of the ceilings and walls.

Volume panels

Volumetric paintings decorate the rooms of apartments in the city, country houses, halls of industrial buildings, exhibition halls. This material is very practical, and a beautifully composed composition with its own hands is capable of completely transforming any room. The theme should correspond to the purpose, the interior of the room. Still lifes are preferred for the kitchen, in the bedroom - calm landscapes, for the living room - portraits, flowers, abstractions, in the nursery - fabulous, animated characters.

How it's done:

  • the wall is leveled, puttied, the drawing is applied with a simple pencil;
  • apply a plaster mix, giving the form conceived, to work out the relief;
  • when the structure is dry, it is sanded with emery paper;
  • The top putty is applied on top, the panel is painted with white acrylic, and the individual parts are highlighted with other colors.

    

The finished panel is distinguished by an expressive baguette frame, "revived" with the help of well-chosen lighting.

Gypsum plinths

Ceiling, floor plaster plinths hide the joints between the walls and the ceiling, the wall and the floor, visually aligning slightly curved surfaces. This finish is often used in a classic style. Changes in humidity, temperature will not lead to the destruction of the structure, and in case of mechanical damage by foreign objects, the plinth is easily restored. This item is available in various lengths, widths, is relatively inexpensive, you can glue it on the walls of brick, covered with cement and others. Smooth or stucco options are available.


    

It is desirable that the baseboard merge in color with one of the horizontal surfaces - this is how the room will look more spacious.

Volumetric framing mirrors

A large or small mirror in a frame of plaster can become a highlight of any interior. Baguette from such a material is easily created personally.
Operating procedure:

  • gypsum profiles with corner elements are cut into pieces of the required size;
  • the wall at the place where it was decided to mount the mirror in the frame is cleared of wallpaper, primed;
  • the mirror sheet is glued to the wall with silicone mastic applied every four to five centimeters;
  • so that the construction does not slip, a stop bar is nailed to the wall under the lower edge of the mirror;
  • gypsum profiles are glued with a special putty, its surplus is removed with a trowel;
  • so that all edges are smooth, they should be cleaned with a sponge dipped in water;
  • after drying the product is painted white, drawing some parts in other colors.


    

Fireplace design

High-quality finish of the fireplace, its imitation in a city apartment, private house, will create a feeling of warmth, comfort. The refractory properties of gypsum allow it to be used for a real focus, as well as for electrical options - it also does not conduct current. The process of self-production of the fireplace consists of the production of the frame and the attachment to it of plaster moldings. Many prefer to buy ready-made portals, complementing them with friezes, moldings, pilasters, gables.


    

A stucco fireplace made of plaster does not weigh too much - it is not necessary to reinforce the floor slabs under it.

Cornice decoration

Gypsum ceiling cornices are profiled products of various sections with or without volume patterns. The design is attached to the screws, fixing points are plastered with plaster. This design looks luxurious and noble. Eaves for the ceiling originally mask small defects of the top of the walls, are decorated with gilding, bronzing or left white, depending on the rest of the decoration. For interiors, loft, minimalism, high-tech fit the most smooth options without decor.

The larger the room, the higher its ceiling, the wider, massive, three-dimensional structures are used.

Decorative columns, capitals

Capital - the top of the column, the element connecting the base of the bearing part and the top plate-abacus. Capital serves a supporting, decorative function.
There are three types:

  • bell-shaped with stucco leaves, branches;
  • with two volute curls;
  • rounded, without too much decor.

     

Columns, semi-columns decorate the interior spaces, facades of buildings, creating a real palace interior. They are made of strict, concise form or more elegant, thin, light, they may have vertical grooves.

With the help of columns, zoning of large spaces, studio apartments is carried out, the shape of the room is corrected.

Console

The name "console" denotes a support, a bracket firmly fixed on one side, free on the other. This design backs the eaves, ceiling beams, balconies, decorated with curls with anti-waving, masks, heraldic, plant elements. The console is easily mounted on any surface, used as part of a single ensemble of different molded elements, painted in different "noble" colors, looks very status.

    

If the console is created as a support for other parts, a metal core is mounted into it.

Moldings for elegance, bulk walls

Molding is a voluminous, relief detail with a length of up to 2-2.5 meters. With it, the ceiling joints with the wall, the floor with the wall, as well as the decoration of mirrors, paintings, arches, doorways, fireplaces, frames, etc. are masked. - plant, heraldic, fantasy. For bright rooms, dark-colored moldings are preferable; in rooms with low ceilings, excessively wide should not be tolerated.

     

A room with a lot of stucco should not be overloaded with furniture, especially carved, bulky.

Pilasters

Pilasters are called flat columns, columns, their high-quality imitation on the wall, in the arch. They are used as an extension of the wall, as a zoning element in the middle, and also for framing doors and windows. This design is perfect for creating a Gothic, Romanesque interior, used both indoors and outside buildings. Unlike columns, pilasters do not require a lot of free space, which allows them to be mounted even in relatively small apartments, houses, offices.

Pedestals

A pedestal is a beautifully designed pedestal on which a sculptural composition, an obelisk, a vase, a pot with a live plant are installed. The shape of it is round or square, it is a low column that can withstand loads of up to 50-60 kg. Original look plaster underframes - support for the table. If the tabletop is removable, then the underframe can be used as a stand for various objects of antique decor. The design can be used in rooms, on verandas, house territories, as a curbstone, support for a bench.

Stucco for framing rosettes

Ceiling decoration sockets are usually made around the central chandelier. The sockets hide the place of fastening of the chandelier, they are made of a round, square, asymmetrical configuration, decorated with geometric, vegetable, heraldic patterns. With the help of a properly selected element, you can not only safely hide all the wires, but also give the room an aristocratic look, creating an interesting accent. It is possible to fasten the structure on any ceilings, but for tension, suspended, plasterboard, installation of embedded bars is required first.

Plaster lamps, lighting system

Original gypsum lamps are used as top light or local illumination of various areas, the design is sometimes part of the wall, almost merging with it. They illuminate small rooms, paintings or wall panels, accented interior elements.
Gypsum lighting devices are:

  • pinpoints - used as a local illumination of various zones, usually mounted by inserting into the ceiling of drywall, look stylish, neat;
  • ceiling - ideal for low spaces, being an unusual alternative to the huge glass chandeliers;
  • wall - attached to the wall, being the main or additional lighting, can be used instead of a night lamp, sconces, lights mirrors, etc.

This original lighting is used in many styles of interiors: simple geometric shapes in minimalism, asymmetrical are suitable for futurism, textured, intricate - for baroque. Lamps of various configurations are decorated with structural plaster mixtures, painted with colors manually, decorated with decoupage, left pure white. Often, indoor lighting systems of gypsum are mounted — along the floor, ceiling, around the perimeter of arches, in a zigzag, ring-shaped form.

For different rooms, lighting fixtures of various shapes will be suitable: for the bedroom - in the form of flowers, plants, for a children's room - depicting bears, pupae, hares, cars and so on.

Arches decoration

The arch is a connecting, usually arcuate detail between vertical supports, decorated with textured patterns, paintings. This design makes deaf, through openings and galleries, door, balcony and window arches, garden, park ensembles, gates and fences. With the help of arches it is easy to combine several rooms into one - a kitchen with a living room, a bedroom with a loggia, an office with a warmed balcony.
The shape of the opening they are made:

  • rounded - classic;
  • figured - with pointed top;
  • Gothic - arrow shaped.


    

The plaster construction is reinforced with metal, decorated with voluminous details, painted white, decorated with gilding and bronzing.

If there are several arches in one room, they are recommended to be drawn up in the same style.

Gypsum pediments in the interior

The pediment is the front part of the wall, the largest of all possible gypsum details. This element decorates window, doorways, wall panels. In shape, they are rectangular, square, trapezoidal, triangular, semicircular, stepped, with lateral cornices. The gables outside the building from above are confined to the roof, play not only a decorative role, but also protect the room from cold and wind, and the rafters of the roof rest on them. Molded patterns of this design are mythological scenes, floral ornaments, geometric or heraldic patterns. The product is perfectly combined with other finishing materials.

    

Features of surface preparation, installation of gypsum elements

Unique products are sculpted by hand, simpler ones are cast into home-made or purchased forms. For proper, high-quality design of the room with stucco details, structures, you will need a number of special tools, as well as compliance with certain rules:

  • the gluing of the plaster decorations is performed at the beginning of the repair, as during the work with it a huge amount of dust is formed, which is able to settle on any surfaces;
  • before installation, all working planes are carefully aligned, puttied;
  • gypsum structures are perfectly fastened to plastered, concrete walls, much worse - on wood, therefore they are also pre-plastered;
  • walls, plasterboard ceilings should be pre-strengthened, this is especially important when installing large decorative elements;
  • small parts are fixed with a mixture of PVA glue, plaster and water, heavier ones with galvanized screws;
  • elements less than 40-60 centimeters long are easy to install alone, with large dimensions two people are required.

What is required for work:

  • box for sawing;
  • building level;
  • simple pencil for marking;
  • saw with fine teeth;
  • fine sandpaper;
  • punch or drill with drills;
  • roulette;
  • tassels of various sizes;
  • spatulas;
  • PVA glue;
  • plastic bucket.

Description of the installation process:

  • First, you need to inspect the work surface, in the presence of curvature - to level, by applying a primer and then drying it. The flatter the wall or ceiling, the more beautiful the decor will fall there;
  • further marking is applied - without it, distortions are possible, some parts may not fit or be less than necessary;
  • after you need to prepare the element - with the help of a hacksaw, notches are made on the back of the stucco part. All excess tabs need to be cut;
  • the surface is covered with an adhesive, slightly dried;
  • in a bucket diluted with gypsum with PVA glue, in a ratio of 3: 2 or fugenfüller - the solution should go medium density;
  • the back of the glued element is smeared with the prepared mixture, lightly rubbed in for better adhesion, pressed against the surface for five to seven minutes;
  • крупные детали, имеющие значительную массу, крепят дюбелями, шурупами, саморезами, предварительно просверлив отверстия, на расстоянии 18-25 сантиметров друг от друга. Attachment points are carefully covered with a plaster mix, ground;
  • excess solution is carefully removed with a spatula, knife;
  • a day later, stucco painted with white or any other paint.

When using a homemade, just made decor, it should be handled with the utmost care - a “fresh” product is notable for its increased brittleness.

Conclusion

To decorate the interior, the facade of the building with the help of plaster decorations you can do it yourself or choose from the catalog of the company engaged in the implementation of such products. Most of these elements are completely universal - easily mounted on all types of walls, ceilings, facades of buildings. Independent installation of stucco, with a certain skill, artistic taste, also does not make much effort, otherwise professional finishers will come to the rescue, able to glue the necessary elements in the best possible way. Before buying these or other decorative details, it is advisable to make a project, determine the interior style, calculate the required amount of material.

Watch the video: The Gypsum Cornice Corner , Of The Fitting Very Good Gypsum Plaster amazing Work (March 2024).

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